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GERD stands for gastroesophageal reflux disease. It is a chronic digestive disorder characterized by the reflux of stomach acid and contents back into the esophagus, causing irritation and discomfort. The lower esophageal sphincter (LES), a muscle at the bottom of the esophagus, normally prevents stomach acid from flowing backward. However, in individuals with GERD, the LES may weaken or relax, allowing acid to flow back up into the esophagus.
Symptoms of GERD can vary but commonly include:
Heartburn: A burning sensation or discomfort in the chest,
often after meals or when lying down. The sensation may worsen when bending
over or lying flat.
Regurgitation: The backflow of stomach acid or food into the
mouth or throat, resulting in a sour or bitter taste.
Acidic taste: A persistent sour or acidic taste in the
mouth, especially when waking up in the morning.
Difficulty swallowing: The feeling of food getting stuck or
discomfort while swallowing.
Chest pain: Some individuals with GERD may experience chest
pain that can mimic the symptoms of a heart attack. It is important to seek
medical attention to rule out any serious conditions.
Chronic cough: GERD-related cough is often a dry, persistent
cough that is worse at night or upon waking up.
Hoarseness or sore throat: Irritation and inflammation
caused by stomach acid can lead to hoarseness, a sore throat, or the feeling of
a lump in the throat.
Asthma-like symptoms: In some cases, GERD can trigger or
worsen asthma symptoms, such as wheezing, coughing, or shortness of breath.
It's important to note that not everyone with GERD will experience all of these symptoms. Some individuals may only have mild symptoms, while others may experience more severe discomfort and complications. If you suspect you have GERD or are experiencing persistent acid reflux symptoms, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
